Abstract
Grand Unified Theories predict the instability of the proton, and therefore the eventual demise of matter in an open universe; however, they may also explain the existence of matter in the first place. It has been suggested that B, C, and CP violating interactions allow an initially baryon symmetrical universe to evolve a baryon asymmetry which, after most of the baryons and essentially all the antibaryons annihilate, leaves only matter in the universe. Detailed calculations are discussed which show that the observed baryon-to-photon ratio of 10-9.4 ± 0.3 could have been produced by the actions of a superheavy gauge boson with mass ~3 × 1014 GeV if C and CP are violated in its decays by ~10-5.3, or by a superheavy Higgs boson with mass ≳ 3 × 10 GeV if C and CP are violated in its decays by ~10-8. The effects of many superheavy species on the evolution of the baryon asymmetry are also discussed. At present, progress in the understanding of the C and CP violations in the superheavy boson system is sorely needed.
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