Abstract
The objective of this paper is to study the dynamical properties of a Holling-type II predator–prey system with constant rate harvesting. It is shown that the model has at most three equilibria in the first quadrant and can exhibit numerous kinds of bifurcation phenomena, including the saddle-node bifurcation, the degenerate Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation of codimension 3, the supercritical and subcritical Hopf bifurcation, the generalized Hopf bifurcation. These results reveal far richer dynamics than that of the model with no harvesting.
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