Abstract
Bifunctional hairy silica nanoparticles (BHSNs), which are silica nanoparticles covered with alkyl and amino organic chains, were prepared as high-performance additives for lubricants. Compared with hairy silica nanoparticles covered by a single type of organic chain, binary hairy silica nanoparticles exhibit the advantages of both types of organic chains, which exhibit excellent compatibility with lubricants and adsorbability to metal surfaces. Nanoparticles with different ratios of amino and alkyl ligands were investigated. In comparison to an untreated lubricant, BHSNs reduce the friction coefficient and wear scar diameter by 40% and 60%, respectively. The wear mechanism of BHSNs was investigated, and the protective and filling effect of the nanoparticles improved because of collaboration of amino and alkyl ligands.
Highlights
The A-hairy silica nanoparticles (HSNs) aggregated after surface modification, and strong connections were observed between nanoparticles in the micrograph
Clear image contrast among the three types of HSNs revealed that the connections between the nanoparticles became weak, the aggregation caused by the amino functional groups was alleviated after the introduction of alkyl chains
When the contact area is saturated with nanoparticles, an excess amount of nanoparticles may form large clusters and harm the surface, which is known as three-body abrasion[35]
Summary
As the ratio of ODTES increased, the dispersity of BHSNs in the PAO lubricant significantly improved. When the mixed ligands were introduced onto the nanoparticles’ surface, the tribological performance of the BHSNs exhibited a general trend where the COF and WSD at 1 wt% increased and the concentration stability improved.
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