Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice.

Yanxiong Huo,Xifan Wang,Huiyuan Guo,Lingli Chen,Ming Zhang,Xiaoyu Wang,Yixuan Li,Xuhong Lu

doi:10.3390/molecules25071490

Abstract

Probiotics are widely known for their health benefits. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to obesity. The aim of this study was to illuminate whether Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 (BAA6) could improve obesity due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues. Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 17 weeks. For the final eight weeks, the HFD group was divided into three groups including HFD, HFD with BAA6 (HFD + BAA6 group), and HFD with Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) (HFD + AKK group as positive control). The composition of the microbiota, serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and mitochondrial biosynthesis and function of epididymal adipose tissues were measured. Compared with the HFD group, body weight, relative fat weight, the relative abundance of Oscillibacter and Bilophila, and serum LPS were significantly decreased in the HFD + BAA6 and HFD + AKK groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of BAA6 and AKK increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) (by 21.53- and 18.51-fold), estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) (by 2.83- and 1.24-fold), and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) (by 1.51- and 0.60-fold) in epididymal adipose tissues. Our results suggest that BAA6 could improve obesity associated with promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues in mice.

Highlights

Obesity is associated with increasing occurrence of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes [1], as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [2]
The levels of final body weight, body weight gain, and fat mass were higher in the high-fat diet (HFD) group than the normal diet (ND) group (p < 0.05), which were lower in the HFD +
Administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 (BAA6) and Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) in HFD-fed mice resulted in a lower relative fat weight and higher relative lean weight compared to the HFD group (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is associated with increasing occurrence of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes [1], as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [2]. Alleviation of obesity can be a means to reduce the risk of metabolic diseases [3]. Given the growing evidence implicating the positive effects of probiotics on obesity treatment, this method is attracting more and more attention [4,8]. Many probiotic strains of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have anti-obesity effects on different mouse models of obesity [9,10]. Lactis CECT 8145 strain has strong fat-reduction capacity and it modulates lipid metabolism in an obese mouse model [11]. Lactobacillus acidophilus NS1 can alleviate HFD-induced obesity in mice by improving lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity through an AMP-activated protein kinase [12]. The mechanisms of probiotics improving obesity are mainly related to fat metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and intestinal microbiota composition. Some studies found that the reduction of mitochondrial biogenesis and impairment of mitochondrial function can accelerate obesity [19]

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