Abstract
This paper solved the problem of transmitting quantum bits (qubits) in a multi-hop and bidirectional way. Considering that the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states are less prone to the decoherence effects caused by the surrounding environment, we proposed a bidirectional quantum communication scheme based on quantum teleportation and the composite GHZ-GHZ states. On a multi-hop quantum path, different types of GHZ states are previously shared between the adjacent intermediate nodes. To implement qubit transmission, the sender and intermediate nodes perform quantum measurements in parallel, and then send their measurement results and the types of previously shared GHZ states to the receiver independently. Based on the received information, the receiver performs unitary operations on the local particle, thus retrieving the original qubit. Our scheme can avoid information leakage at the intermediate nodes and can reduce the end-to-end communication delay, in contrast to the hop-by-hop qubit transmission scheme.
Highlights
Quantum teleportation is a process of transmitting unknown quantum states between two distant nodes based on entanglement and some auxiliary classical communication
To address all the issues mentioned above, such as quantum communication delay, information leakage, and duplex quantum communication, in this paper we investigate multi-hop bidirectional quantum communication based on GHZ states, considering that GHZ states are less prone to the decoherence effects caused by the surrounding environment [22]
Taking Hid (i = 1, . . . , n) to denote the hop count of the classical information transmitted from the i-th node to the destination node, the total end-to-end quantum communication delay in the n-hop case is given by n o dA,total = max Hid × dt + du + dm
Summary
Quantum teleportation is a process of transmitting unknown quantum states between two distant nodes based on entanglement and some auxiliary classical communication. To realize qubit transmission in a quantum communication network, Wang et al [6] proposed the idea of quantum wireless multi-hop communication based on arbitrary EPR pairs and teleportation, where simultaneous entanglement swapping is utilized to reduce the end-to-end quantum communication delay. Chen et al [8] proposed a wide area quantum communication network via partially entangled EPR states, where sequential entanglement swapping is exploited In this scheme, the security of qubit transmission is improved, while end-to-end quantum communication delay is not reduced to a great extent. To address all the issues mentioned above, such as quantum communication delay, information leakage, and duplex quantum communication, in this paper we investigate multi-hop bidirectional quantum communication based on GHZ states, considering that GHZ states are less prone to the decoherence effects caused by the surrounding environment [22].
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