Abstract
The objective of this article is to propose a photovoltaic (PV) power and energy storage system with bidirectional power flow control and hybrid charging strategies. In order to optimize the battery charging performance, five charging strategies, including the constant-current charging, the pulse-ripple-current charging, the sinusoidal-ripple-current charging, the bidirectional pulse-ripple-current, and the bidirectional sinusoidal-ripple-current charging, are adopted. Traditionally, in order to realize these charging strategies, the PV charger should abandon the maximum power point tracking function to maintain the power flow balance. As a result, the output power of the PV array will be decreased. Therefore, bidirectional power flow control strategies are proposed to achieve the maximum PV power utilization as well as to realize the hybrid charging methods. In addition, with the proposed strategies, the bidirectional charging/discharging capability of the battery is able to achieve the maximum PV power utilization. All the proposed strategies can be realized by the digital signal processor without adding any additional circuit, component, and communication mechanism. Theoretical analysis and control principles will also be revealed. Finally, a 5-kW prototype circuit with both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed strategies.
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