Abstract
BackgroundThis study explored the reciprocal association between otitis media and asthma in children.MethodsThe 2002–2013 Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Sample Cohort participants < 15 years old were used. In study I, 14,665 asthma patients from 2002 through 2005 were selected. The asthma patients were matched 1:1 with the control I group, and the occurrence of otitis media was followed until 2013. In study II, 27,043 otitis media patients from 2002 through 2005 were selected. The otitis media patients were matched 1:1 with the control II group, and the occurrence of asthma was followed until 2013. Stratified Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the hazard ratio (HRs) of asthma for otitis media (study I) and otitis media for asthma (study II).ResultsThe HR for otitis media was 1.46 in asthma patients (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40–1.52, P < 0.001). The HR for asthma was 1.43 in otitis media patients (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36–1.50, P < 0.001).ConclusionAsthma and otitis media have a bidirectional association in children.
Highlights
This study explored the reciprocal association between otitis media and asthma in children
In addition to acute or chronic otitis media, otitis media can be accompanied by effusion, which is caused by the dysfunction of the Eustachian tube
The rates of atopic dermatitis and Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were higher in the asthma group than in the control I group
Summary
This study explored the reciprocal association between otitis media and asthma in children. Otitis media refers to middle ear inflammation due to both viral and bacterial infections. In addition to acute or chronic otitis media, otitis media can be accompanied by effusion, which is caused by the dysfunction of the Eustachian tube. Because of the anatomical features of developing Eustachian tubes in children, many children suffer from recurrent otitis media. It was reported that the prevalence of otitis media with effusion was approximately 50% in children < 1 year old and 60% in children 2 years old [1]. Persistent or recurrent otitis media in children could result in hearing loss and chronic middle ear inflammatory conditions. Prompt management and prevention of the recurrence of otitis
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