Abstract
Prenatal morphine exposure (5–10 mg/kg twice daily on gestation days 11–18) can adversely affect neurological development, including seizure susceptibility. The present study examines the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on seizure susceptibility to the GABA antagonist and convulsant bicuculline and GABA A α 1 receptor mRNA in the substantia nigra (SN) of female rats. The results demonstrate that prenatally morphine-exposed ovariectomized (OVX) females and OVX females with estradiol benzoate (EB) replacement have an increased latency to seizure onset compared to controls. In addition, prenatal morphine exposure decreases the area covered by grains of GABA A α 1 receptor mRNA in the anterior SN in both OVX and EB+progesterone (P)-treated groups, and decreases the number of GABA A α 1 receptor mRNA-labeled cells/field in EB females. Furthermore, prenatally morphine- and saline-exposed EB and EB+P females had decreased GABA A α 1 receptor mRNA-labeled cells/field in the anterior SN compared to OVX animals of the same prenatal exposure. These results demonstrate that the long term effects of prenatal morphine exposure in female rats is dependent on their hormonal status, and suggest that seizure susceptibility may be altered via neuropharmacological changes in the GABA system in the SN.
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