Abstract
BICGSTAB-FFT method of moment (MM) scheme is proposed to analyze several levels of planar generic layouts embedded in large multilayer structures when the layout geometries are modeled by NURBS surfaces. In this scheme, efficient computation of normalized error defined in iterative bi-conjugate gradient stabilized (BICGSTAB) method for large multilayer structure analysis problems is implemented. The efficient computation is based on pulse expansion with dense equi-spaced mesh of generalized rooftop basis functions (BFs) defined on NURBS surfaces and equivalent periodic problem (EPP) in order to apply fast Fourier transforms (FFT). Moreover, efficient computation of Green’s functions for multilayer structure is implemented for near and far field regions. Experimental and numerical validations of whole printed reflect array antennas of electrical size between 8 and 16 times the vacuum wavelengths are shown. In these validations, CPU time consumptions of the proposed method are obtained with results between few minutes and half an hour using a conventional laptop.
Highlights
When whole large electromagnetic devices—such as reflectarrays/transmitarrays [1], leaky wave antennas [2], and metasurface antennas [3]—are analyzed, efficient electromagnetic analysis tools of large multilayer structures which host planar generic layouts are required
Shaped beam reflectarray made of three coplanar parallel dipoles; (2) dual polarized broadband focused reflectarray made of two orthogonal sets of three parallel dipoles; (3) circular polarized focused beam reflectarray made of rotated split rings; and (4) focused beam reflectarray made of two sets of four parallel dipoles with small rotations
NURBS surfaces, pulse expansion, and equivalent periodic problem (EPP) approaches have been implemented for the efficient computation of normalized error defined in iterative BICGSTAB-fast Fourier transforms (FFT)-MM scheme for whole large multilayer structure analysis problems with several levels with planar metallizations
Summary
When whole large electromagnetic devices—such as reflectarrays/transmitarrays [1], leaky wave antennas [2], and metasurface antennas [3]—are analyzed, efficient electromagnetic analysis tools of large multilayer structures which host planar generic layouts are required. Known numerical tools—such as finite element (FE) [4], finite difference time domain (FDTD) [5], and MM [6]—are suitable to carry out analysis of these multilayer structures. FE and FDTD methods require volumetric meshes to model the multilayer medium which hosts the layouts. In order to avoid volumetric mesh Green’s functions of multilayer medium is used in MM. An efficient iterative version of MM formulation for the full-wave analysis of large multilayer structures, which hosts several levels of planar generic layouts, is shown
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