Bibliographic review of cannabis, cannabinoids and their health effects

Abstract

Introduction: Currently the use of marijuana is very popular recreationally or therapeutically, among the different ways of consuming marijuana the most popular is by inhalation, followed by the oral route that can include the consumption of the plant, extracts and active ingredients such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBC). Methodology and results: A systematized searching is performed in the PubMed database with the keywords cannabis, cannabinoids, and health, from 2016 to 2021, limited to humans, adolescents and adults, obtaining as a result 505 articles, of which 463 are eliminated, leaving a total of 42 articles to analyze. Conclusion: In patients with diseases such as multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia and chronic pain, who do not respond adequately to conventional therapies, it is valid to consider the use of THC or CBD to improve their symptomatology, on the other hand healthy people who use marijuana for recreational purposes are not exempt from the harmful effects that this substance can have on the body in the short, medium and long term, such as neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, not to mention the impact it has on the body, are not exempt from the harmful effects in the short, medium and long term that this substance can have on the organism, such as neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, without leaving aside the impact on mental health, since the consumption of marijuana favors the development of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide in adolescents.