Abstract
Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of bismuth sodium titanate, (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3(BNT)-based solid solution, that is, (Bi1/2Na1/2)(1-x)(Pba Bab)xTiO3(a + b = 1) [BNPB(100x-100a/100b)], are studied from the viewpoint of a new group of lead-free or low-lead content piezo-electric ceramics with a rhombohedral(Fa-tetragonal (Fβ) morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). It is evident that the MPB seems to be remarkably efficacious in promoting piezoelectric and pyroelectric activities by electrical poling. X-ray diffraction data, dielectric properties and D-E hysteresis loops show that the MPB exist near (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3[BNT] at x = 0.13–0.14, 0.08–0.09 and 0.06–0.07 in the case of b = 0, b = 0.5 and b = 1, respectively. BNPB ceramics are superior for piezoelectric ceramics in high-frequency ultrasonic uses, or special piezoelectric actuator materials with a lower free permittivity e33Te0, and a high electromechanical coupling factor k33, along with a high mechanical strength.
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