Abstract
In seismic design, excitations are usually considered separately in two perpendicular directions of structures. In fact, the two components of ground motions occur simultaneously. This paper clarifies the effects of bi-directional excitations on structures and proposes the response spectra called “bi-directional pseudo-acceleration response spectra”. A simplified analytical model of a two-degree-of-freedom system was employed. The effect of directivity of ground motions was taken into account by applying strong motion records in all directions. The analytical results were presented in the form of the acceleration ratio response spectrum defined as the bi-directional pseudo-acceleration response spectrum normalized by a pseudo-acceleration response spectrum.
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