Beyond Traditional Treatments: Exploring Cutting-Edge Approaches for Androgenetic Alopecia

Abstract

Androgenetic Alopecia is a genetically predetermined disorder resulting in hair loss from an excessive sensitivity to androgens. Several treatment options have been investigated for androgenetic alopecia, yet only topical minoxidil and finasteride have received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. This review article examines and evaluates the efficacy of new, cutting-edge techniques for treating AGA, including Low-Level Laser Therapy, Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy, Micro needling, and Topical Growth Factors and Peptides. Several essential factors are stimulated by minoxidil, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. IGF-1 also plays a significant role in regulating follicular differentiation, which makes it a vital regulator of hair follicle development and function. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) uses low-intensity light at red or near-infrared wavelengths to induce changes in cellular activity, which improves blood circulation, reduces inflammation, and boosts cellular energy, ultimately leading to improved hair follicle density and diameter. Platelet-rich plasma therapy (PRP) is used in dermatology for acne scar treatment, lipid transplantation, wound healing, and hair regeneration. It involves a centrifugation process that increases the platelet concentration and reduces the red blood cell ratio. Micro needling is a minimally invasive procedure that stimulates the production of collagen, growth factors, and neovascularization, which promotes tissue rejuvenation. It is most utilized for individuals who are unable to achieve successful results using medical therapy. These approaches have shown positive outcomes in terms of hair regrowth, improved hair density, increased hair shaft thickness, and patient satisfaction.