Beyond the Special and General Relativity Theories. The Micro-quanta Paradigm

Abstract

Despite the arbitrary postulate of empty space (which was as arbitrary as the old aether), Albert Einstein obtained through the conceptually powerful postulate of the constancy of light velocity in any reference system, the relativistic equations of motion. The kinematic basis of Special relativity was responsible of several physical paradoxes that accompanied the growing reliability of SR along the XX century. Conversely, in the Micro-quanta paradigm the particle dynamics is directly derived in dynamical conditions from Compton's collisions between particles and the isotropic flux fo of micro-waves filling the space with speed c and energy Eo. When considering the proper Doppler function for waves incident forwards and behind any moving particle, the balance between the two opposite momenta gives the momentum predicted by SR and defines also the rest-mass mi of the particle, which results (equivalence mass-energy) to the energy mic2 = NiEo, where Ni = (si to fo) is the number of quanta colliding simultaneously with the particle during the interaction time to. In the M-Q paradigm the uniform flux fills everywhere the space, so particles “measure” their effective velocity through the momentum of Compton's collisions. The old inertial frames of reference become unnecessary. Any particle moving uniformly in strait-line is shown to collide with micro-quanta without receiving any net force (Principle of inertia). When the particle velocity is not constant and uniform during the interaction time, the local energy density 'o = foEo/c gives rise to the inertial forces. Since two particles immersed in the quantum flux always show mutual shielding, they feel a pushing force which is recognised to be the gravitational force. Thus, the concept of “gravitational mass” is discarded. This inevitably requires to re-examine the fundamentals of General relativity which appears inadequate to explain the recent observations of the accelerating universe achieved through the Ia supernovae measurements. Even the Strong nucleonic force and the Weak force on electrons at very short distances are shown to originate from mutual shielding in the M-Q paradigm. Despite micro-quanta are very small, they do not lose the fundamental characteristics of the quantum waves. The very little quantum energy Eo= hono is coupled to a very little action constant and a very small quantum wavelength lo (of the order of the Planck’s length), so that the number of quanta simultaneously incident on a nucleon is about Nn »1050. This explains why the inertial forces were for three centuries (from Newton up to Einstein) believed to originate from the continuum of space and time, instead of from physical objects.