Abstract
The social welfare of ethnic minorities is a contested subject, with a deep politicalized history, in contemporary China. This article uses a new large dataset solely looking at ethnic minorities in China, to analyze the impact and outcomes that new urban social and welfare schemes – with notable attention to the basic medical insurance, unemployment insurance, minimum livelihood guarantee allowance (dibao), and pension programme – play in the livelihoods of minorities. The data suggests that while minorities may participate equally in some programmes, their participation and benefits do not appear to be equitable or match their needs. The main exception to this finding was the minimum livelihood guarantee allowance. These findings have strong implications for constructing future social welfare policies, and understanding their potential differential impact on ethnic minority cohorts.
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