Beyond Four Walls: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Homelessness in Kingston Through a Review of Literature

Abstract

Homelessness is a significant issue in Kingston, Ontario, with a 2018 report estimating that 1,725 people experienced homelessness in the city over the course of the year. This literature review aims to synthesize existing research on the prevalence, causes, and interventions of homelessness in Kingston, in order to identify gaps in knowledge and suggest future research and policy directions. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, with inclusion criteria focusing on articles that explore the prevalence, causes, and interventions of homelessness in Kingston. The lack of affordable housing was identified as a major factor contributing to homelessness in Kingston, along with inadequate income and employment opportunities, mental health and addiction issues, domestic violence, and a lack of supportive services. Several programs, such as the Kingston HomeBase Housing program and the Street Health Centre, have been found to be effective in addressing immediate needs, but long-term outcomes of these interventions require more research. Additionally, barriers to accessing and implementing interventions, such as a lack of affordable housing and funding for support services, and stigma and discrimination against those experiencing homelessness, require further attention. Overall, there is a need for continued research on specific sub-populations and the long-term outcomes of interventions, as well as continued investment in evidence-based interventions and programs aimed at addressing homelessness in Kingston.