Beverage-Specific Alcohol Sale and Cardiovascular Mortality in Russia

Y E Razvodovsky

doi:10.1155/2010/253853

Abstract

Objective. Recent research evidence suggests that the consumption of different types of alcoholic beverage may have a differential effect on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality rates. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between the consumption of different beverage types and CVD mortality rates in Russia across the later-Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Method. Age-standardized male and female CVD mortality data for the period 1970–2005 and data on beverage-specific alcohol sales were obtained Russian State Statistical Committee (Rosstat). Time-series analytical modeling techniques (ARIMA) were used to examine the relation between the sales of different alcoholic beverages and CVD mortality rates. Results. Vodka consumption as measured by sales was significantly associated with both male and female CVD mortality rates: a 1 liter increase in vodka sales would result in a 5.3% increase in the male CVD mortality rate and a 3.7% increase in the female rate. The consumption of beer and wine were not associated with CVD mortality rates. Conclusions. The findings from this study suggest that public health efforts should focus on both reducing overall consumption and changing beverage preference away from distilled spirits in order to reduce cardiovascular mortality rates in Russia.

Highlights

High mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Russia and its profound fluctuations over the past decades have attracted considerable interest [1,2,3]
The results from recent time series analysis based on Russian data from 1959 to 1998 highlight that alcohol consumption has a positive and statistically significant association with both overall and premature male ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality; a 1 litre change in per capita consumption was associated with a 3.6% increase in overall male IHD mortality and a 4.5% increase in the age group of 30–54 years [11]
While there has been a slight drop in vodka sales from 4.84 liters in 1970 to 3.88 liters in 2005 and wine sales have remained at roughly the same level, there has been a sharp growth in beer sales—especially in recent years

Summary

Introduction

High mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Russia and its profound fluctuations over the past decades have attracted considerable interest [1,2,3]. The results from recent time series analysis based on Russian data from 1959 to 1998 highlight that alcohol consumption has a positive and statistically significant association with both overall and premature male ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality; a 1 litre change in per capita consumption was associated with a 3.6% increase in overall male IHD mortality and a 4.5% increase in the age group of 30–54 years [11] This evidence challenged the view on a curvilinear relationship between alcohol and cardiovascular mortality that has been reported repeatedly in the literature [12,13,14]

Methods

Results

Conclusion