Beverage consumption patterns among 4\u201319 y old children in 2009\u201314 NHANES show that the milk and 100% juice pattern is associated with better diets

Matthieu Maillot,Chelsea M Rose,Colin D Rehm,Adam Drewnowski,Florent Vieux

doi:10.1186/s12937-018-0363-9

Abstract

BackgroundPatterns of beverage consumption among children and adolescents can be indicative of food choices and total diet quality.MethodsAnalyses of beverage consumption patterns among 8119 children aged 4–19 y were based on the first 24-h recall of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009–14 NHANES). Four pre-defined beverage patterns were: 1) milk pattern; 2) 100% juice pattern; 3) milk and 100% juice pattern; and 4) other caloric beverages. Food- and nutrient-based diet quality measures included the Healthy Eating Index 2010.ResultsMost children drank other caloric beverages, as opposed to milk (17.8%), 100% juice (5.6%), or milk and 100% juice (13.5%). Drinkers of milk and 100% juice had diets that did not differ from each other in total calories, total and added sugars, fiber, or vitamin E. Milk drinkers consumed more dairy and had higher intakes of calcium, potassium, vitamin A and vitamin D as compared to all other patterns. Juice drinkers consumed more total fruit, same amounts of whole fruit, and had higher intakes of vitamin C as compared to the other consumption patterns. Drinkers of both milk and 100% juice had the highest HEI 2010 scores of all the consumption patterns.ConclusionsBeverage consumption patterns built around milk and/or 100% juice were relatively uncommon. Promoting the drinking of milk and 100% juice, in preference to other caloric beverages, may be an effective strategy to improve children’s diet quality. Restricting milk and 100% juice consumption may encourage the selection of other caloric beverages.

Highlights

Patterns of beverage consumption among children and adolescents can be indicative of food choices and total diet quality
The milk pattern was more common among boys than among girls (54.1 vs. 45.9%); the 100% juice pattern was more common among girls than among boys (57.7 vs. 42.3%), consistent with past studies [19,20,21]
The present analyses identified children whose drinking patterns were built around milk and 100% juice, with smaller amounts of other caloric beverages

Summary

Introduction

Patterns of beverage consumption among children and adolescents can be indicative of food choices and total diet quality. The place of milk and 100% fruit juice in U.S children’s diets continues to be a topic of debate [1]. The consumption of whole milk and 100% fruit juice by young children has been linked to higher body weight in some studies [2, 3], though not in others [4, 5]. Most published studies have explored children’s beverage consumption, a dependent variable, by gender, age subgroup, household income, or race/ethnicity [13,14,15]. Classifying children by their beverage consumption patterns is a relatively novel approach

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Results

Discussion

Conclusion