Abstract
Poland is one of the most important sending countries in Europe. OECD data show that it has the third largest diaspora in the OECD among European countries, and is the top European origin country for recent emigrants. Despite the large number of Poles living abroad, the Polish state does not conduct an active policy towards the Polish diaspora and return migrants. This is in line with the principle officially adopted by the Polish government in 2012 saying that emigrants should not be treated more favourably than Poles without emigration experience, because such a policy would reward emigration and entail unequal treatment of citizens. Yet, Polish state has many elements in its policy that favour ties with diasporas, East and West, and support mobility of individuals. In this chapter I discuss the main policy elements and their relative impact on diasporas and mobile citizens.
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