Abstract
Before the outbreak of war in 1939, military criminal law was very well codified in Poland. The “Polish” Communists in the USSR in 1943 wanted Poland to become a republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Stalin in 1943 created a Polish army in the USSR which was not subject to the legal Polish government. It was subordinate only to Stalin. Stalin made Zygmunt Berling commander of this army. The “Polish” Communists in the USSR rejected Polish military criminal law. In 1943, in the Polish army in the USSR, Zygmunt Berling created a new military criminal law. The models were Soviet. Soviet officers worked on it. It was absolutely illegal. Therefore, in 1944, the codification work was restarted. The codification work resulted in two military codifications of 23 September 1944 (substantive criminal code and the system of courts and prosecutor’s office) and of 23 June 1945 (the code of military criminal procedure). The author based his article on original documents from 1943-1944.
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