Abstract
Quarter vehicle model is the simplest representation of a vehicle that belongs to lumped-mass vehicle models. It is widely used in vehicle and suspension analyses, particularly those related to ride dynamics. However, as much as its common adoption, it is also commonly accepted without quantification that this model is not as accurate as many higher-degree-of-freedom models due to its simplicity and limited degrees of freedom. This study investigates the trade-off between simplicity and accuracy within the context of quarter vehicle model by determining the effect of adding various modeling details on model accuracy. In the study, road input detail, tire detail, suspension stiffness detail and suspension damping detail were factored in, and several enhanced models were compared to the base model to assess the significance of these details. The results clearly indicated that these details do have effect on simulated vehicle response, but to various extents. In particular, road input detail and suspension damping detail have the most significance and are worth being added to quarter vehicle model, as the inclusion of these details changed the response quite fundamentally. Overall, when it comes to lumped-mass vehicle modeling, it is reasonable to say that model accuracy depends not just on the number of degrees of freedom employed, but also on the contributions from various modeling details.
Highlights
It is probably known that virtual development has become an integral part in vehicle development process due to the shortening of product life cycle in the automotive industry
The first comparison involves the cases associated with the addition of individual modeling detail to the base quarter vehicle model, namely case 2, case 3, case 4 and case 5
These changes in vehicle response can logically be explained from the perspective of road input representations used in this study
Summary
It is probably known that virtual development has become an integral part in vehicle development process due to the shortening of product life cycle in the automotive industry. There are two types of vehicle modeling: the first type considers a vehicle to consist of detailed individual rigid bodies that connect with one another kinematically or dynamically to form a detailed assembly equivalent to the entire vehicle system. Na and Yoo [10] argued that lumped-mass models are not adequate for dynamic analysis as the various vehicle sub-systems are regarded as lumped rigid parts for model simplification, and this does not accurately express the forces acting on vehicle body and wheels
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