Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the association of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms of β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) with the occurrence of asthma and overweight and the gene's influence on anthropometric, clinic, biochemical and physical fitness variables in children and adolescents. MethodsSubjects were evaluated for allelic frequencies of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage, resting heart rate (HRres), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), Homeostasis Metabolic Assessment (HOMA2-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The participants were divided in four groups: overweight asthmatic (n=39), overweight non-asthmatic (n=115), normal weight asthmatic (n=12), and normal weight non-asthmatic (n=40). ResultsRegarding the Gln27Glu polymorphism, higher total cholesterol was observed in usual genotype individuals than in genetic variant carriers (p=0.04). No evidence was found that the evaluated polymorphisms are influencing the physical fitness. The Arg16 allele was found more frequently among the normal weight asthmatic group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p=0.02), and the Glu27 allele was more frequently found in the overweight asthmatics group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p=0.03). ConclusionsThe association of Arg16 allele with the occurrence of asthma and of the Glu27 allele with overweight asthmatic adolescents evidenced the contribution of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene to the development of obesity and asthma.
Highlights
Overweight and asthma are chronic diseases that reach alarming prevalence and morbidity.[1]
The complex interaction between environmental exposure and genetic predisposition to overweight and the development of asthma is not well defined, studies have shown that genetic factors may influence the susceptibility to develop obesity,[3] and the association between genetic polymorphisms and asthma has been reported.[4]
The sample consisted of 206 children and adolescents of both sexes, 10 to 16 years old from southern Brazil, divided into four groups: overweight asthmatics (n=39), overweight non-asthmatics (n=115), normal weight asthmatic (n=12) and normal weight non-asthmatic (n=40)
Summary
Overweight and asthma are chronic diseases that reach alarming prevalence and morbidity.[1]. Beta2-adrenergic receptors (ADRB2) are found in several regions of the body, including fat cells, blood vessels, heart and airways.[5] These receptors play an important role in the genesis of obesity and energy balance regulation. They are responsible for the stimulation of the lipolytic activity in adipose tissue[6] and for the control of bronchial smooth muscle,[7] through relaxation and bronchodilation of airway smooth muscle.[8]
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