Abstract
Capital city relocation issue is currently emerging due to the condition and problem Indonesia encounters. Study toward some cases of capital city relocation could be crucial input for analysis and comparison. This paper aims to review capital city relocation examples. Literature review shows there are variances in background and driving factors internally or externally, and infrastructure needs for city development. The driving factors consist of environmental pressure, pollution, urban heat island, housing, urban sprawl, and disaster. The infrastructures required for the development of a new capital city are information and communication technology (ICT), physical infrastructure, transportation, and open green space. From the analysis, Myanmar’s Yangon to Naypyidaw relocation and Malaysia’s Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya relocation are the best practices in capital city development that boosts new activities and urban extension. Burma shows the infrastructure’s role in development of a new capital city and Kuala Lumpur reveals how ICT implementation helps to establish a new capital city. This paper is expected to fill the research gap from previous research in terms of reviews related to the need for ICT in capital city preparation. This indicates that this paper has followed the trend of ICT advancement. The next research and publication will strengthen the use of ICT as one of the variables.
Highlights
The capital city relocation issue is currently becoming crucial due to several urges namely people density, environmental degradation, and urban discomfort as living space
Capital city relocation driving factors are needed to be studied from the literature review
Relocation of the capital city could minimize the exposure by selecting a safer location and the new capital city could be designed to be more adaptive to the disaster
Summary
The capital city relocation issue is currently becoming crucial due to several urges namely people density, environmental degradation, and urban discomfort as living space. These problems are highly important to be identified through literature review. Review toward capital city relocation literature is important to fathom initial problems and conditions from several countries. It can be a scientific base and reference before field survey. A literature review is expected to identify background, strength, and weakness as supporting factors and constraints, the plan that has been implemented in the capital city relocation
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