Abstract
This paper reviews the available information on the beryllium mineralogy of the different type of occurrences in the Kola Peninsula, northwest Russia. Beryllium mineralization in the region is mainly associated with alkaline and felsic rocks, which differ significantly in petrological, geochemical, mineralogical features and age. In total 28 beryllium minerals are established on the Kola Peninsula up today. Beryl is one of the ore minerals in the differentiated granite pegmatites of the Kolmozerskoe lithium deposit. A large diversity of beryllium minerals occur in the pegmatites and hydrothermal veins formed in the late stages of the Lovozero and Khibiny alkaline massifs. Most of these minerals, as leifite, lovdarite, odintsovite, sphaerobertrandite and tugtupite are rare in other environments and have unique properties. These minerals formed under conditions of extreme alkalinity and their formation was favored by abrupt changes in the alkalinity regimes. Some of minerals, as chrysoberyl in xenoliths of hornfels, genthelvite and unique intergrowth of meliphanite and leucophanite formed in contrasting geochemical fronts between felsic/intermediate and mafic rocks.
Highlights
In 2018, 220 years have passed since the discovery of beryllium by the French chemist N.-L.Vauquelin
According to the source data we present the “mineral paragenesis” as a common occurrence of minerals which formed at the same time, or in a sequence, during a single mineralization process
The distribution of beryllium mineralization on the Kola Peninsula serves a confirmation of chemical and crystal chemical patterns in beryllium behavior [4,6,8,17]: (a) beryllium species are more diverse in younger rocks in comparison with ancient ones; (b) beryllium tends to be accumulated in the differentiated products of alkaline magmatism, saturated or undersaturated; (c) alteration of primary
Summary
In 2018, 220 years have passed since the discovery of beryllium by the French chemist N.-L. Many branches of contemporary industry use this chemical element due to the unique properties of the beryllium-bearing compounds. In metallurgy, beryllium is used effectively in alloys in order to increase their strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. Such additives increase the service life of parts in several times. Beryllium is aa rare rarelithophile lithophileelement; element;it it concentrated mainly in felsic alkaline rocks. Due to specific crystal chemistry properties [6,18], there is a significant amount hydrothermal veins. Discoveries of beryllium minerals minerals are accelerating and 18 newwere minerals weresince described sincelist
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