Abstract
A Berriasian age planktonic foraminifera assemblage from a section near the village of Krasnoselivka in the Tonas River Basin, Crimea contains Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina), ?Favusella sp., Conoglobigerina gulekhensis (Gorbachik and Poroshina), Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu), Lilliputinella aff. similis (Longoria), Hedbergella aff. handousi Salaj and ? Globuligerina sp. Specimens are poorly preserved, but test morphology, aperture and key wall texture features are recognizable. Age assignment is based on a diverse and well-preserved calcareous nannofossils assemblage of upper zone CC2 and ammonites (Jacobi Zone). The nannfossils indicate an open marine environment of Tethyan affinity. Several of the planktonic foraminiferal taxa were not previously described from pre-Valanginian or Hauterivian strata. XRD analysis of the tests of benthic and planktonic foraminifera and micro-gastropods shows these to be calcitic in composition, also of those benthic and planktonic foraminifera that were deemed to be originally aragonitic in composition, indicating diagenetic changes in carbonate fractions. From detailed comparison to Jurassic planktonic foraminifera, two lineages are proposed from Late Jurassic into earliest Cretaceous: Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis) to Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina) and Globuligerina balakhmatovae (Morozova) to Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu). The first lineage is a gradual change in wall sculpture from rugulose to reticulate and the second one a change to a lower spire, more ovate chambers of which the last one may be much larger in size and shift of the aperture out of the umbilicus. The meagre evolution of early planktonic foraminifera from Toarcian through Tithonian with only two genera and fewer than ten species does not follow the evolutionary diversity pattern of nannofossils and dinoflagellates. Tithonian appears to be a bottleneck for planktonic foraminifera, with a sparse record and virtual extinction. The so-called Globigerina oxfordiana from the Tithonian in ODP Site 901 on Galicia Bank (Collins et al. Proceeding Deep Sea Drilling Project Science Research 149:193–201, 1996) is of Miocene age.
Highlights
From detailed comparison to Jurassic planktonic foraminifera, two lineages are proposed from Late Jurassic into earliest Cretaceous: Globuligerina oxfordiana (Grigelis) to Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina) and Globuligerina balakhmatovae (Morozova) to Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu)
This study reports on seven species of planktonic foraminifera and 20 species of calcareous nannofossils from the Berriasian of Crimea
The current study reports seven planktonic foraminifera taxa in sample Cr1, all microperforate, including with frequent specimens Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina), with common specimens Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu) and Conoglobigerina gulekhensis (Gorbachik and Poroshina) and with less than 10 specimens each of the taxa Lilliputinella aff. similis (Longoria), ?Favusella sp., Hedbergella aff. handousi Salaj and ? Globuligerina sp
Summary
This study reports on seven species of planktonic foraminifera and 20 species of calcareous nannofossils from the Berriasian of Crimea. This palaeoenviroment interpretation is in agreement with Arkad’ev et al (2005), which authors estimate the deposits to be indicative of a deep neritic or upper bathyal palaeoenvironment It agrees with the (above cited) record in our sample of the nannofossil taxa Cruciellipsis cuvillierii, Speetonia colligata, Micrantholithus obtusus and M. hoschulzii, which together with the dominance by W. barnesiae and the common occurrence of nannoconids indicate an open marine environment of Tethyan affinity. The current study reports seven planktonic foraminifera taxa in sample Cr1, all microperforate, including with frequent specimens Favusella hoterivica (Subbotina), with common specimens Lilliputinella eocretacea (Neagu) and Conoglobigerina gulekhensis (Gorbachik and Poroshina) and with less than 10 specimens each of the taxa Lilliputinella aff. 2. Neagu (1975, in French) for the latter taxon
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