Abstract
Target group-specific intervention strategies are often called for in order to effectively promote exercise and sport. Currently, motives and goals are rarely included systematically in the design of interventions, despite the key role they play in well-being and adherence to exercise. The Bernese motive and goal inventory (BMZI) allows an individual diagnosis of motives and goals in exercise and sport in people in middle adulthood. The purpose of the present study was to elaborate on the original BMZI and to modify the questionnaire in order to improve its psychometric properties. The study is based on data from two samples (sample A: 448 employees of companies and authorities; sample B: 853 patients of a medical rehabilitation programme). We applied confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modelling. Overall, both the original and the updated BMZI had an acceptable to good validity and a good reliability. However, the revised questionnaire had slightly better reliability. The updated BMZI consists of 23 items and covers the following motives and goals: Body/Appearance, Contact, Competition/Performance, Aesthetics, Distraction/Catharsis, Fitness and Health. It is recommended as an economical inventory for the individual diagnosis of important psychological conditions for exercise and sport.
Highlights
Target group-specific exercise and sport promotionTarget group-specific intervention strategies are often called for when discussing means of promoting exercise and sport activities within a population [1]
It is assumed that such target group-specific interventions are more likely to lead to changes in behaviour [2,3]
The need for target group-specific interventions to promote exercise and sport activities is a consequence of the great differences between people
Summary
Target group-specific intervention strategies are often called for when discussing means of promoting exercise and sport activities within a population [1]. Such strategies are used to increase the relevance and salience of health information and thereby address distinct groups within the population . The need for target group-specific interventions to promote exercise and sport activities is a consequence of the great differences between people. Such differences are found between people across different stages in life, and among people of the same age [4]. Adults differ in their exercise and sport behaviour
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