Abstract
The composition of the essential oil in the glands, which is characterized by the highest content of thymol in comparison with all other plant parts investigated, is in good accordance with that of the cotyledons, of the leaves, and of the shoot axis. These oils, rich in thymol and monoterpene hydrocarbons, clearly differ from the oil of roots, having much less thymol and hydrocarbons, but showing oxygenated compounds. Those parts of the shoot that lack glands do contain volatile substances, too. This is also true for the tissues of the phloem. The occurrence of volatile substances in plant tissues not specialized in secretion shows that even, in plants wich normally do have glands and oil-containing idioblasts the latter tissues are no prerequisite for oil synthesis. A sequential synthesis of the oil components can only be observed in quite young plantlets. The oil composition of ten days old seedlings already resembles that of grown-up leaves. The native glandular oil agrees with that extracted from leaves by steam destiliation. This means that in the case of Monarda degradation during destillation may be neglected.
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