Benzodiazepines and frail elderly people: how prescribing can be optimized?

Abstract

In France, benzodiazepine (BZD) is frequently prescribed in elderly people (EP). Long-term efficacy is often questioned, and treatment has to be regularly re-examined, especially in EP. In our Geriatric day-hospital for assessment of frailty, a multidisciplinary team evaluates the patients and gives them preventative measures against the loss of autonomy. Medication evaluation is part of these measures. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of a standardized intervention on the optimization of BZD treatment. Setting and method: After a short interview and the delivery of an information booklet about BZD, patients were proposed an optimization of their BZD treatment (dosage reduction, occasional medication, switch to a short half-life BZD, or total discontinuation). Patients were followed up monthly by a phone-interview over a 6-months period. The main outcome measure was the prevalence of BZD optimized treatments after a 6 months follow-up. Results: 18 patients were included. Among them, 50% have been taking a BZD for more than 10 years, and 39% were prescribed a long half-life BZD, which can be qualified as inappropriate in EP. 50% of the subjects were frail and 44% pre-frail, according to the Fried criteria. At the end of the study, 33% of the patients had their BZD treatments optimized, including 17% of total discontinuation. Conclusion: In the frail elderly population, a standardized intervention can be useful to improve BZD treatment. An extension to this intervention would be the creation of an organization tasked with routinely monitoring the patients' withdrawal over a six month period.