Abstract
We analyze three transmission-line antennas using the moment method. Each line antenna comprises a coplanar feed line, loops, and straight segments connecting the loops and feedline. First, we investigate bent and branched line antennas with loops on one side of the feedline. It is found that the segment length affects both the beam direction and axial ratio for the bent line antenna; in contrast, it only affects the branched line antenna’s axial ratio, resulting in a more straightforward design. Subsequently, the branched line antenna is modified with loops on both sides of the feedline to enhance the gain. It is observed that the antenna shows a gain enhancement of 2.0 dB, maintaining the same axial-ratio bandwidth as that of the original branched line antenna. The simulated results are validated by experimental work.
Highlights
There have been many studies on microstrip transmission-line antennas radiating a circularly polarized (CP) wave [1,2]
This paper investigates different line antennas, where a loop shape [5] is selected as the feedline’s periodical bend for a systematic study
Analyses reveal that segment length Ls is one of the critical parameters of bent and branched line antennas for CP radiation
Summary
There have been many studies on microstrip transmission-line antennas (line antennas) radiating a circularly polarized (CP) wave [1,2]. The systematic study aids in designing and understanding a line antenna since the study discusses three different line-antennas having relationships and presents new findings. The relationships concern both configurations (see Figure 1b–d) and radiation characteristics (Figures 3, 5, and 9a). This paper is the only systematic study on three different line antennas to the best of the authors’ knowledge. These traditional elements have never resulted in the systematic study of this paper. Note that in [9], there has been FFiniggouurereex2p2..eAArinnmtteeennnnntaaaclcoronenfisfuiggulutrrtaaottiiovonanslsiidinna[[t33e,7,7a]]::f(i(ana))dbbienenngttloliinfne(e2aa)n.ntTteenhnninsaap[[3a3]p];;(e(bbr))ibsbrrtaahnnecchoheneddlylliinsneyesaatnentmteennanntaiac[[7s7]t].u. dy on three different line antennas to the best of the authors’ knowledge
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