Abstract

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development designed and implemented the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) demonstration to assess the long-term impacts of providing housing vouchers to help low-income families move from severely distressed, high-poverty housing projects to lowpoverty neighborhoods. Families living in public and assisted housing projects in five cities (Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York) were invited to participate. Those that volunteered for the demonstration were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. The experimental group received housing vouchers that (for the first year) could only be used in low-poverty neighborhoods, along with one-time help finding a house or apartment that qualified. The comparison group received regular housing vouchers that they could use to move to any neighborhood. And the control group continued to receive housing subsidies in the original development (for more on the origins and design of MTO, see Briggs, Popkin, and Goering 2010).

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