Benefits of Investing on Mother and Child Healthcare in Tanzania

Abstract

Purpose: Maternal and child healthcare play crucial role in reducing global mortality rates, with a significant impact on the overall burden of disease. The Sustainable Development Goal 3 aims to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births by 2030. Sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania, carries a high burden of mortality rates and experiences a significant share of maternal and child deaths, exacerbating the global figures. The average prevalence of below 5 years mortality in SSA between 2010 and 2018 was 4.10% according to Ahinkorah (2021). Recognizing the severity of this issue, the government of Tanzania through the Development Agenda 2025, Draft health policy 2020 and the current Health Sector strategic plan 2021-2026 plans to reduce infant and maternal mortality rates through mother and child healthcare investment. The Health Sector Strategic Plan focuses on strengthening the health systems in the country and aims to sustain the achievements made in enhancing the health of reproductive, maternal, newborn, children, and adolescent populations. This study sought to assess the benefits of investing on mother and child healthcare in Tanzania. The study was guided by the investment commodity theory developed by the economist John Maynard Keynes in 1936. The study evaluated the current status of mother and child health indicators, the benefits of investing in mother and child health on overall health outcomes and identified the existing gaps and challenges in the provision, access and utilization of mother and child healthcare services in Tanzania.
 Methodology: The study was a desktop review-based study which relied on existing published information, data, and literature.
 Findings: The study found out that there have been improvements in certain areas of mother and child health indicators but maternal and child mortality rates remain high. Health interventions such as vaccination programs, improved access to healthcare services, and the use of maternal and child health insurance cards showed positive effects on reducing child mortality, improving child health outcomes, and enhancing maternal healthcare utilization. The significant gaps and challenges in the provision, access, and utilization of mother and child healthcare services include disparities in access to healthcare services based on factors such as education level and wealth status, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, long distances to health facilities, sociocultural barriers, and financial constraints.
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends strengthening of healthcare infrastructure, enhancing access to maternal and child healthcare services, especially for vulnerable populations, promoting health education and raising awareness about maternal and child healthcare practices, addressing the shortage of skilled healthcare professionals, improving data collection and use and monitoring of maternal and child health indicators, addressing socio-cultural barriers that hinder access and utilization of healthcare services and increasing investment in mother and child health care programs through allocate adequate resources.