Abstract
Diversity reception is widely used to protect communication systems from fading due to multipath interference. Four classes of diversity—time, frequency, space, and angle—are now recognized as beneficial for acoustical channels (such as shallow water and long‐range sonar). A fifth class—acousticul field diversity—is proposed here. An elementary acoustical field diversity receiver consists of up to four colocated hydrophones. One of these responds to sound pressure and three respond to sound particle motion along orthogonal axes. Performance benefits of an acoustical field diversity sonar are calculated for Rayleigh channels with independent fading. Degradation due to correlated fading is calculated. Theoretical improvements are shown for average SNR, instantaneous SNR, holding time on fading signals, and reliability of data transmission. Experimental confirmation from sea tests is shown.
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