Abstract
This article reports the influence of an autologous leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) injection as a minimally invasive method on supporting wound healing processes after a mandibular odontogenic cystectomy and double mandibular fracture fixation. 113 patients were enrolled into a control group (received no L-PRP injection) and 102 patients were enrolled into an L-PRP group with an oral mucosa incision. 18 patients after a double mandibular fracture were operated on using 2 external submandibular approaches receiving no fluids in the right site (a control group) and an L-PRP injection in the left incision (L-PRP group). Clinical observations showed that the oral mucosa healed faster in patients treated with L-PRP, in comparison to cases where inductive biomaterial was not added. Pain at the L-PRP injection site was relieved within few hours after an operation in patients with double mandibular fractures. However, there were no differences observed in the progression of the healing process. L-PRP possesses inductive properties that could stimulate healing processes and it seems to be one of the most promising methods in the future for the treatment of soft tissue defects.
Highlights
Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have led to the identification of specific cytokines that mediate cellular activities [1,2,3]
The second and dominant mechanism acts through chemotaxis and macrophage activation, which after the third day takes over platelet function by secreting growth factors
Macrophages migrate to the site of injury due to platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) activity and the tissue oxygenation difference becomes higher than 20 mmHg, which takes place between the dead space and the adhesive normal oxygenated tissue [8, 9]
Summary
Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have led to the identification of specific cytokines that mediate cellular activities [1,2,3]. The ability to control cellular activities becomes a powerful tool in the management of surgical disorders. Platelets retain numerous growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF I and IGF II), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) [4, 5]. Higher levels of growth factors can be obtained. It was considered that the properties of the concentrates were mainly related to the high concentrations of platelet derived growth factors in their composition Autologous leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) enriched with growth factors may enhance new tissue formation in vitro [1, 2, 6] and in vivo [3, 7].
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