Abstract
Optimal recovery rate, price decision and system efficiency of a closed-loop supply chain are analyzed under the competition of an online retailer and a traditional retailer based on game theory. The results show that, in the market structure dominated by the manufacturer, the manufacturer’s profit is higher than that of the retailer being the leadership, and the benefits of the other members of the supply chain and the total system are small. In the market structure dominated by retailers, the benefits of retailers and consumers and the total system are higher than that of the manufacturer being the leadership.
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