Abstract
Introduction: Prolonged hyperglycemia may lead to several detrimental microvascular or macrovascular complications in the chronic diabetes mellitus. Thus, achieving normal glycemic condition remains the most important strategy in the diabetes mellitus. Stevia rebaudiana plays an important role on the blood glucose reduction, however, its role in the chronic diabetes mellitus has not been fully elucidated yet.Method: Stevia rebaudiana dry extract (400 mg/kg BW) were given daily by oral gavage for 84 days in rat with diabetes. The measurement of blood glucose concentration were done monthly during the study. Urine output was analyzed on the day 1 and 84. Additionally, lipid profile were measured on the day 84.Results: Compared to the normal rat, significant hyperglycemia were observed in the diabetic rat. Blood glucose concentration tends to decrease in the rat received Stevia rebaudiana extract (St), however, significant difference was achieved on the day 84 of the study confronted to the diabetic rats. Moreover, lower concentration of plasma cholesterol concentration and urine output reduction was significantly observed in the St rat compared to the D rat on the day 84.Discussion: Daily intake of Stevia rebaudiana extract on its therapeutic doses may play beneficial role in the chronic diabetes mellitus by gradually reduced blood glucose concentration, urine output and plasma cholesterol concentration. However, further cellular analysis were required to explicate the exact mechanism.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 22-26
Highlights
Prolonged hyperglycemia may lead to several detrimental microvascular or macrovascular complications in the chronic diabetes mellitus
We found that daily decoction of 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) Stevia rebaudiana dry extract gave beneficial role in the chronic diabetes mellitus by reducing blood glucose concentration only after 84 days of usage
Significant reduction of urine output was observed between the St group day 1 and St group day 84. These results suggest us that supplementation of Stevia rebaudiana extract may reduce the diuresis process in the chronic diabetes mellitus by reducing the blood glucose concentration. Through these studies, we concluded several key findings including : (1) daily decoction of Stevia rebaudiana dry extract for 400 mg/kg BW gave beneficial role in the chronic diabetes mellitus by reducing blood glucose concentration started on the day 84 of the study along with significant reduction of 24 hours urine output; (2) Stevia rebaudiana improved lipid profile including cholesterol and triglyceride on the day 84 of the study
Summary
Persistent hyperglycemia due to either insulin deficiency or insulin resistance has become the main culprit of several diabetic complications including diabetic heart and kidney.[1]. Accumulating evidences have shown that the active compound of Stevia rebaudiana including stevioside and minor glycoside (dulcoside A, rebaudioside B, C, D, steviolbioside) possess an anti-diabetic as well as an insulinomimetic properties by regulating GLUT4 receptors,[6,7] increasing insulin. We have reported that prolonged use of liquid stevia sweetener (equivalent with stevioside 40 mg/kg BW) contributed to the blood glucose reduction in the diabetes mellitus.[13]. Eight-week treatment of 2% stevia tea or three days treatment of 1 g stevia did not reduce blood glucose concentration in the diabetic patient[14,15,16] This study clarified the long-term use of Stevia rebaudiana extract in the chronic diabetes mellitus. Plasma lipid profile including total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride concentration was measured on the day 84 of the study using kit (Sclavo Diagnostics International, Siena, Italy) in accordance with the company protocol. Probability value less than 0.05 was defined as significant
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