Abstract
Obesity is associated with a number of serious medical complications, which are often referred to as the “insulin resistance syndrome”. The aim of the present study was performed to investigate the possible interaction between a conventional drug used for management of cholesterol and traditional herbal remedies on the obesity. This was carried through out: through estimation of blood test; Estimation of serum tests; Determination of oxidative stress biomarkers and the antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver were assayed; Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney of adult male albino rats were done. In the present study, the serum levels of the total protein and albumin in the obesity group (7.1± 0.2) and (4.78 ± 0.19); respectively were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more than those of the control group (6.5±0.1) and (3.95± 0.1).The administration of (fennel group) revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease in the serum levels of the albumin and total protein (4.38± 0.1) and (6.65± 0.2); respectively as compared to the obesity group (4.78 ± 0.19) and (7.1± 0.2(. The total cholesterol of the group(5) (fennel and ator) after two weeks from a high fat diet than treatment with fennel and Ator through six weeks equal 142.86±5.9, 100.4±8.68, 93.29±5.99, 87.1±11.28, 80.4±21.55, 78.1±6.7 and 77.1±6.87; respectively. The present study showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the activities of ALT, AST and ALP in the obesity group which recorded as (60.5±11.45), (57.25±6.3) and (845.0±49.47); respectively as compared to the control group (28.25±1.7), (38.5±3.87) and (537.0±41.5); respectively. The fennel group caused significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (41.0± 2.9), (42.25+3.2) and (717.75+48.6); respectively compared to the obesity group. Ator group showed a significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (40.0±2.16), (42.5±3.1) and (679.25±41.16); respectively compared as obesity group. The activity of AlT, AST and ALP in the fennel and ator group (32.75±2.5), (40.5±2.38) and (601.25±17.5); respectively were near to the control group.
Highlights
The most common complications involve alterations in metabolic function that are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, namely hyperglycemia, hyper-insulinemia, and glucose intolerance, liver fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction [1]
In the current study indicates that the high fat diet (HFD) increase kidney funcation, this results was in agreement with Abrass [38] who reported that HF diet groups were associated with high serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol, in addition to histopathological alterations in kidneys
Ator and fennel with ator following high fat diet administration exhibited a high drop in this elevation as compared to the obesity group and this indicated that treatment with fennel with ator was near to the control value.On the other hand, fennel group and ator group supplement successes partially in improving the creatinine level in comparing with the obesity group
Summary
The most common complications involve alterations in metabolic function that are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, namely hyperglycemia, hyper-insulinemia, and glucose intolerance, liver fat accumulation, dyslipidemia (increased serum triglyceride and decreased serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations; a predominance of smaller LDL particles and an increased number of large VLDL particles), and endothelial dysfunction [1]. Hyperlipidemia is usually characterized by elevated serum total cholesterol and decrease in High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and increase in Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols. It is observed that there is an association between hyperlipidemia, and serum triglycerides [4]. Fennel is an aromatic herb belonging to the Parsley family. It is used as a spice and possesses a sweet taste that is similar to anise. The seeds contain fiber and complex carbohydrates [6]
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