Abstract
The importance of metabolic health is a major societal concern due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and various cardiovascular diseases. The circadian clock is clearly implicated in the development of these metabolic diseases. Indeed, it regulates physiological processes by hormone modulation, thus helping the body to perform them at the ideal time of day. Since the industrial revolution, the actions and rhythms of everyday life have been modified and are characterized by changes in sleep pattern, work schedules, and eating habits. These modifications have in turn lead to night shift, social jetlag, late-night eating, and meal skipping, a group of customs that causes circadian rhythm disruption and leads to an increase in metabolic risks. Intermittent fasting, especially the time-restricted eating, proposes a solution: restraining the feeding window from 6 to 10 h per day to match it with the circadian clock. This approach seems to improve metabolic health markers and could be a therapeutic solution to fight against metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the importance of matching life habits with circadian rhythms for metabolic health and assesses the advantages and limits of the application of time-restricted fasting with the objective of treating and preventing metabolic diseases.
Highlights
Obesity is a growing and epidemic disease, with a prevalence reaching such proportions that it is considered as a pandemic
When lifestyle and pharmacotherapy approaches result in insufficient weight loss or insufficient maintenance of weight loss, surgery may be proposed to patients with morbid obesity or severe obesity associated with comorbidities
We focus on the interest of using intermittent fasting to “synchronize” lifestyle habits with the circadian clock and suggest it as a therapeutic approach to fight against obesity and its associated complications
Summary
Obesity is a growing and epidemic disease, with a prevalence reaching such proportions that it is considered as a pandemic. Bariatric surgery is an effective therapeutic option for obese patients and is used with increasing frequency, this procedure is associated with serious complications, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypoglycemia, osteoporosis, and nutritional deficiencies [5]. It helps them to identify and promote healthy eating by choosing healthy foods [7] Informational campaigns, such as “five fruits and vegetables per day” or graphic images that warn about the consequences of a poor diet, are broadcasted across a variety of media platforms to promote healthy eating behaviors [8]. It is inscribed in the social conscious that food quality and dietary habits are essential to a healthy lifestyle. We focus on the interest of using intermittent fasting to “synchronize” lifestyle habits with the circadian clock and suggest it as a therapeutic approach to fight against obesity and its associated complications
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