Beneficial effects of Bacopa monnieri (brahmi) in Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Abstract

Cancer, a leading global cause of death, drives research for safer treatments. Doxorubicin is an effective anticancer drug but is associated with cardiotoxicity as a characteristic adverse effect. Bacopa monnieri, a traditional Ayurvedic herb rich in antioxidants, emerges as a potential adjunct in cancer treatment. The study aims to explore Bacopa monnieri's impact on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The study was conducted in 30 rats with 6 rats in each of the 5 groups: Group 1 was administered distilled water; Group 2 received Doxorubicin at 5 mg/kg by IP on days 7, 14, and 21. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered Bacopa monnieri at 75mg/kg, 150mg/kg, and 250mg/kg orally daily doses along with Doxorubicin at 5mg/kg by IP on days 7,14 and 21. The Bacopa monnieri-treated groups compared to the Doxorubicin(Dox) group showed a significant reduction in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), troponin I, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while the levels of antioxidants Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione (GSH) increased. Histopathology showed fibrosis and inflammation in the Doxorubicin group while restoration of normal cardiac tissue in the Bacopa monnieri-treated group. The study illustrates Bacopa monnieri's ability to alleviate Doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity by its antioxidant properties.