Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that xylose selectively inhibited the activity of sucrase. Xylose supplementation may have a beneficial effect on the postprandial glycemic response. However, no studies have investigated patients with IFG or the effectivity of a dose of D-xylose less than 10 % (w/w).MethodsThe present study determined the effect of xylose consumption on postprandial hyperglycemia in normal (n = 25) and hyperglycemic subjects (n = 50). Subjects in this double-blind crossover design study were randomly assigned to consume a sucrose drink (Control, sucrose 50 g + deionized water 100 g) or a sucrose drink additionally containing 5 g (Test 1, sucrose:xylose = 10:1), 3.33 g (Test 2, sucrose:xylose = 15:1), or 2.5 g (Test 3, sucrose:xylose = 20:1) of D-xylose separated by a one-week interval.ResultsNormal subjects in all test groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum glucose levels 15 min and 30 min after consuming the xylose-containing drinks compared to the control group. Significantly lower serum levels of insulin were observed at 15 min and 30 min after consuming the xylose-containing drinks compared to the control group. The test 1 group also exhibited a significantly lower insulin area under the curve than the control group. Hyperglycemic subjects (n = 50) in all test groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum glucose levels at 30 min compared to the control group. However, the test 1 group exhibited a significant increase in serum glucose levels at 120 min compared to the control group. Glucose-related markers did not significantly differ in each group.ConclusionXylose supplementation may exert a beneficial effect on postprandial glycemic responses in subjects with normal glucose levels and prediabetes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02654301. Registered 12 January 2016.
Highlights
Previous studies have reported that xylose selectively inhibited the activity of sucrase
There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, such as body mass index (BMI), body fat, blood pressure, High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Apo A-I, Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
We investigated whether D-xylose less than 5 g per 50 g sucrose exerted beneficial effects on postprandial glycemic control
Summary
Previous studies have reported that xylose selectively inhibited the activity of sucrase. No studies have investigated patients with IFG or the effectivity of a dose of D-xylose less than 10 % (w/w). Sugar alcohols cause cramping, bloating, and diarrhea in excessive amounts [7], and aspartame may be harmful to patients with phenylketonuria because of the generation of phenylalanine after consumption [8]. These alternative sweeteners are limited as sugar substitutes. The increase in blood glucose by sugar intake may burden the pancreas of subjects with IFG, and the consequent pancreatic damage reduces insulin secretion [10]
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