Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to validate the short version of The Psychosocial Safety Climate questionnaire (PSC-4, Dollard, 2019) and to establish benchmarks indicating risk levels for use in Sweden. Cross-sectional data from (1) a random sample of employees in Sweden aged 25–65 years (n = 2847) and (2) a convenience sample of non-managerial employees from 94 workplaces (n = 3066) were analyzed. Benchmarks for three PSC risk levels were developed using organizational compliance with Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) regulations as criterion. The results support the validity and usefulness of the Swedish PSC-4 as an instrument to indicate good, fair, and poor OSH practices. The recommended benchmark for indicating good OSH practices is an average score of >12.0, while the proposed cutoff for poor OSH practices is a score of ≤8.0 on the PSC-4. Scores between these benchmarks indicate fair OSH practices. Furthermore, aggregated data on PSC-4 supported its reliability as a workplace level construct and its association with quantitative demands, quality of leadership, commitment to the workplace, work engagement, job satisfaction, as well as stress and burnout. Thus, the Swedish version of PSC-4 can be regarded as a valid and reliable measure for both research and practical use for risk assessment at workplaces.
Highlights
Numerous studies and reports during the last decades have pointed out work-related stress as a serious global problem [1], leading to harmful consequences and costs for individuals, organizations, and societies [2,3,4,5]
We found solid support for the established Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) risk benchmarks for use in the Swedish context, both at the individual and workplace levels
We found good reliability of PSC group means when aggregated to the workplace level [46]
Summary
Numerous studies and reports during the last decades have pointed out work-related stress as a serious global problem [1], leading to harmful consequences and costs for individuals, organizations, and societies [2,3,4,5]. Today, it is the risks in the psychosocial work environment that are increasing and prove difficult to handle [6]. Compared to traditional safety and health risk management, Int. J. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8675; doi:10.3390/ijerph17228675 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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