Abstract
For many manufacturers, hybridization represents an attractive solution for reducing the energy consumption of their vehicles. However, electrification offers a wide range of possibilities for implementing powertrain concepts. The concepts can differ regarding their mechanical complexity and the required power of the electrical machines. In this article, drive concepts that differ in their functionality and drive train topology are compared. Based on requirements for the C, D, and E segment, the mechanical and electrical effort of the concepts is analyzed. The results show that the mechanical effort in the C segment can be reduced as long as the electrical effort is increased. In case of higher vehicle segments, the electrical effort can increase considerably, making concepts with increased mechanical complexity more suitable. The driving performance and efficiency in hybrid operation are evaluated via simulation. The results show that the difference of acceleration times in hybrid operation between a charged and discharged battery is lower for mechanically complex concepts. At the same time, they achieve lower CO2 emissions. Therefore, these concepts represent a better compromise regarding performance and efficiency. Despite lower transmission efficiencies in hybrid operation, they achieve conversion qualities similar to simpler concepts and lower emissions with lower electrical effort.
Highlights
To reduce the energy consumption, electrification of the drive train represents a suitable solution.Since one or more electric machines (EM) can be integrated into the drive train at different positions, a large number of possible drive concepts for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) can be realized
Since the conversion losses in the EM are taken into account in the transmission efficiency in case of serial operation, the efficiency is lower compared to the variants of the PS-dedicated hybrid transmission (DHT)
The transmission efficiency in hybrid operation depends on the wheel power in which the hybrid operation occurs
Summary
Since one or more electric machines (EM) can be integrated into the drive train at different positions, a large number of possible drive concepts for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) can be realized. Powertrains of conventional vehicles can be electrified, resulting in comparatively complex mechanical concepts. It is possible to implement transmissions that are dedicated for use in HEV and have a much simpler design. Due to this diversity, the question which kinds of drive train concepts represent suitable solutions in which vehicle segment needs to be answered. The question should be answered whether higher vehicle segments require an increase in the mechanical complexity of the transmission
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