Abstract
This paper analyses and develops the design of advanced control strategies for a typical hydroelectric plant during unsteady conditions, performed in the Matlab and Simulink environments. The hydraulic system consists of a high water head and a long penstock with upstream and downstream surge tanks, and is equipped with a Francis turbine. The nonlinear characteristics of hydraulic turbine and the inelastic water hammer effects were considered to calculate and simulate the hydraulic transients. With reference to the control solutions addressed in this work, the proposed methodologies rely on data–driven and model–based approaches applied to the system under monitoring. Extensive simulations and comparisons serve to determine the best solution for the development of the most effective, robust and reliable control tool when applied to the considered hydraulic system.
Highlights
Hydroelectric plants convert hydraulic energy into useful energy
The simulation model with two surge tanks and a Francis turbine described in Section 2 allows the simulation of the behavoir of a hydroelectric power plant in the presence of large hydraulic transients after full load rejection mg0
This paper addressed the design of advanced control strategies for a hydroelectric power plant modelled in the Matlab and Simulink environments
Summary
Hydroelectric plants convert hydraulic energy into useful energy (mainly electric and mechanical energy). The hydraulic system is described by a nonlinear model, most of compensation schemes use conventional controllers like on– off strategies, including standard PID regulators for their relative simplicity. These controllers do not always produce fast response and suffer the problem of high overshoot and large settling time. With reference to the model of Eq (12), the monitored output x(t) represents the turbine speed relative deviation, whilst the control variable is u(t) that is applied to the servomechanism for actuating the wicket gate servomotor stroke relative deviation y according to Eq (10). The PID automatic tuning Simulink toolbox uses the linearised model (12) of the hydroelectric system
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