Belly flap from Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus L.): A potentially new product with high content of vitamin D, EPA and DHA

Margareth Kjerstad,Wenche Emblem Larssen,Lisa Kolden Midtbø

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05239

Margareth Kjerstad, Wenche Emblem Larssen + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05239

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Journal: Heliyon	Publication Date: Oct 1, 2020
Citations: 2	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Møreforsking (Norway)

Abstract

Processing Norwegian spring-spawning herring (NSSH) yields large amounts of rest raw material which currently is used mainly for production of fish oil and fish meal for feed in aquaculture. However, belly flaps from NSSH might be a profitable resource as a food product. This study investigates the nutritional composition of the belly flaps.NSSH was harvested in the main season between September and February. Chemical analyses of fatty acids, protein and vitamin A and D in belly flaps were conducted.Belly flaps from NSSH had a mean fat and protein content of 32.3 ± 6.9 g/100 g and 12.6 ± 0.9 g/100g, respectively. Mean vitamin D level was 53.5 ± 8.5 μg/100 g and mean eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels were 2.0 ± 0.8 g/100g and 2.3 ± 1.0 g/100g, respectively. Belly flap from NSSH contains twice the amount of vitamin D, EPA and DHA compared to NSSH fillet. There were large seasonal variations in the amount of both vitamin D, EPA and DHA. Mean level of vitamin A was 45.0 ± 8.9 μg/100 g. Belly flap from NSSH is a potential product for human consumption with a high nutritional value.

Highlights

Norwegian spring-spawning herring (NSSH) is the largest herring stock in the world and has been of great importance for European fisheries (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2018)
This result is supported by other studies where fat content in NSSH fillet (Dahl et al, 2014) and in RRM from Atlantic herring were lowest in January to March (Aidos, van der Padt, Luten and Boom, 2002).The same fat reduction in connection with spawning is seen in both sardines (Sardina pilchardus), North sea herring (Clupea harengus) and pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasii) (Bandarra et al, 1997; Frantzen et al, 2011; Huynh et al, 2007)
Our results indicate that belly flaps are a better source for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and vitamin D compared with vitamin A

Summary

Introduction

Norwegian spring-spawning herring (NSSH) is the largest herring stock in the world and has been of great importance for European fisheries (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2018). NSSH has its main spawning period during February–March (Dalpadado et al, 2000) and the main season for herring catch is from October to the beginning of March (Richardsen et al, 2019). In Norway, between 65-70% of the landed herring is filleted, producing a substantial amount of rest raw material. Almost 205.000 tons of rest raw material was produced from the pelagic industry in total in Norway in 2018, where most of this quantity was obtained from herring (Richardsen et al, 2019). A large degree of the rest raw material from pelagic sector is utilized, mainly for production of fish oil and fish meal as ingredients in aquaculture feed. Flap from salmon is already on the market for human consumption, with eastern-Europe and Asia as main markets (Rubin, 2011)

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