Bell's Inequalities, Superquantum Correlations, and String Theory

Lay Nam Chang,Tatsu Takeuchi,Djordje Minic,Zachary Lewis,Chia-Hsiung Tze

doi:10.1155/2011/593423

Abstract

We offer an interpretation of superquantum correlations in terms of a “doubly” quantum theory. We argue that string theory, viewed as a quantum theory with two deformation parameters, the string tensionα', and the string coupling constantgs, is such a superquantum theory that transgresses the usual quantum violations of Bell's inequalities. We also discuss theℏ→∞limit of quantum mechanics in this context. As a superquantum theory, string theory should display distinct experimentally observable supercorrelations of entangled stringy states.

Highlights

We present an observation relating two fields of physics which are ostensibly quite remote, namely, the study of the foundations of quantum mechanics QM centered around the violation of the celebrated Bell inequalities 1–3 and string theory ST 4–6
We argue that a physical realization of such a theory may be offered by nonperturbative open string field theory OSFT
If the → 0 limit is to recover classical mechanics, with the Bell bound of XBell 2, and apparently quite different from QM, it may not be too farfetched to conjecture that the → ∞ limit would flow to a superquantum theory, with the superquantum bound of X 4

Summary

Introduction

We present an observation relating two fields of physics which are ostensibly quite remote, namely, the study of the foundations of quantum mechanics QM centered around the violation of the celebrated Bell inequalities 1–3 and string theory ST 4–6. The Bell inequalities, based on the assumption of classical local realism, are violated by the correlations of canonical QM 7–11. This remarkable feature of QM is often called “quantum nonlocality,” though perhaps a misnomer. Even quantum correlations, with their apparent “nonlocality,” are bounded and satisfy another inequality discovered by Cirel’son spelled Tsirelson ; see . The natural question that arises is as follows: do “super” quantum theories exist which predict correlations that transcend those of QM and thereby violate the Cirel’son bound? Popescu and Rohrlich have demonstrated that such “super” correlations can be consistent with relativistic causality aka the no-signaling principle. What theory would predict them? In the following, we give heuristic arguments which suggest that nonperturbative ST may precisely be such a “superquantum” theory

Advances in High Energy Physics

AB B A

GX exp i α

This suggests that