Beliefs and rituals related to Chao Bao Noi, a sacred tree on Khuan Sung hill, Southern Thailand

Abstract

This study explored beliefs and rituals related to Chao Bao Noi (the Little Bridegroom) on Khuan Sung hill, Southern Thailand. The data of this qualitative study were collected from related documents, research reports, and in-depth interviews with Phru To locals. The study found that the beliefs in Chao Bao Noi have existed for over 100 years and Phru To locals still have a strong belief that Chao Bao Noi is the sacred tree dwelled in by gods. In the past, Phru To locals tended rice farming and fruit plantations and had to depend on the uncertainties of nature. Thus, they had to learn to struggle for survival by adapting to nature and requesting Chao Bao Noi to give them soil fertility, and when their wishes were fulfilled, they performed rituals as repayment for the favors given by Chao Bao Noi. However, villagers of the new generation, especially those of working age, still want Chao Bao Noi to provide them with spiritual support but they have adapted the rituals of paying respect to Chao Bao Noi to suit the present social situation.