‘Being dumped in to sink or swim’: an empirical study of organizational support for the trailing spouse

Abstract

Previous HRD research has determined that spouse and family adjustment is an important contributor to overall international assignment success. This study examined three types of organizational support (practical, professional and social support) provided to trailing spouses during expatriation and how important this support is perceived to be in relation to spouse adjustment. We use family systems theory to explore crossover effects and to explain the link between organizational support and perceived adjustment. Our four-year study of 264 trailing spouses in 54 host-locations found that professional support (to address the dual-career issue) and social support (to alleviate marital stress) were perceived by trailing spouses as having the greatest impact on identity re-construction and, in turn, their adjustment. However, both types of support were lacking. Although practical support was offered almost without exception, it was also frequently criticized. The need to address intrinsic adjustment and assist in the development of a meaningful portable identity emerged as major findings. Using a qualitative research approach to give voice to trailing spouses’ ‘lived experience’, our study provides insights for HRD professionals as to gaps in existing levels of trailing spouse support and where policy improvements can be made.