Abstract
Rotator cuff (RC) tears are the most common cause of shoulder disability with large and massive rotator cuff tears accounting for up to 40% of all RC tears. The degree of muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration that develop following RC tears are highly correlated with repair success and functional outcomes. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) have been identified as the cellular source of fibrosis and fatty infiltration following RC tears. A subset of FAPs possess the capacity to differentiate into beige adipose tissue (BAT) identified by the brown fat hallmark, UCP1. In addition to its thermogenic potential, beige adipose tissue can act in a paracrine fashion, secreting various growth factors known to positively influence muscle health and function. The trophic capacity of BAT on skeletal muscle has major implications for muscle regeneration following injury. The potential for beige FAPs to prevent and reverse pathological changes particularly after repair has yet to be explored. We hypothesized that transplantation of UCP1 expressing beige FAPs would diminish muscle atrophy and degeneration and promote functional recovery in a mouse model of delayed RC repair.
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