Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the main chronic diseases worldwide, with a significant impact on public health. Behavioral changes are an important step in disease prevention and management, so the way in which individuals adapt their lifestyle to new circumstances will undoubtedly be a predictor of the success of the treatments instituted, contributing to a reduction in the morbidity and mortality that may be associated with them. It is essential to prepare and educate all diabetic patients on the importance of changing behavioral patterns in relation to the disease, with health professionals assuming an extremely important role in this area, both from a pharmacological and non-pharmacological point of view, and also ensuring the monitoring of the progress of these measures. Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires a high self-management capacity on the part of patients in order to achieve success in treating the disease, and non-adherence to therapy or non-compliance with the previously defined plan, together with an erratic lifestyle, will contribute to failure in controlling the disease. The lower adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment in diabetes is mainly correlated to socio-economic aspects, lower health literacy, the side effects associated with the use of antidiabetic therapy or even the concomitant use of several drugs. This article consists of a narrative review that aims to synthesize the findings published in the literature, retrieved by searching databases, manuals, previously published scientific articles and official texts, following the methodology of the Scale for Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA). We aim to address the importance of behavioral sciences in the treatment of diabetes, in order to assess behavior factors and barriers for behavior changes that have an impact on the therapeutic and non-therapeutic optimization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus control.
Highlights
The high incidence of chronic diseases and non-adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments by patients represent a serious problem in terms of public health, constituting a growing challenge for the different institutions and health professionals involved.Failure to comply with the defined therapeutic plans can result in clinical complications, physical and emotional stress caused by the need for successive hospitalizations, leading to economic and financial implications at the level of health systems [1,2].Behav
- This narrative review intends to contextualize the disease from a historical point of view; summarize the essence of behavioral sciences and what is its framework; discuss what kind of approach should be taken both in terms of lifestyle and pharmacologically, given the pathophysiology of DM2, reviewing the therapeutic options currently available and its main characteristics that can influence the behavior of patients; and address the potentially modifiable aspects that are decisive in influencing the behavior of patients with DM2
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Summary
The high incidence of chronic diseases and non-adherence (or inadequate adherence) to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments by patients represent a serious problem in terms of public health, constituting a growing challenge for the different institutions and health professionals involved.Failure to comply with the defined therapeutic plans can result in clinical complications, physical and emotional stress caused by the need for successive hospitalizations, leading to economic and financial implications at the level of health systems [1,2].Behav. The high incidence of chronic diseases and non-adherence (or inadequate adherence) to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments by patients represent a serious problem in terms of public health, constituting a growing challenge for the different institutions and health professionals involved. Failure to comply with the defined therapeutic plans can result in clinical complications, physical and emotional stress caused by the need for successive hospitalizations, leading to economic and financial implications at the level of health systems [1,2]. Sci. 2021, 11, 153 leading to economic and financial implications at the level of health system2sof 19 [1,2]. Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases with the greatest impact worldwide in terms of morbiDdiitaybeatneds ims oonrtealoiftyt,hbeecihnrgoncliocsdeilsyeaassesos cwiaittehdthweigthrepaoteosrt eimatpinagcthwaboirtlsd,wseiddeenintatreyrms lifesotyf lme,osrmbiodkitiynga,nadlcmohoorltiaslmity,,ibnecirneagsceldosleifley eaxspsoeccitaatnecdywanitdh pthoeorgeenateitnicg choambiptso,nseendteonftary eachliifnesdtiyvlied,usaml o[3k–i5n]g.
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