Abstract
The leaf-footed bug Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) is an important pest in the Americas. However, no preference of colors, sexual behavior nor aggregation pheromone has been reported, which can be used for detection, monitoring, and control purposes. In the laboratory we tested the attractiveness of white, violet, blue, green, yellow, and orange color to nymphs and adults (mated and unmated) and found that most adults and nymphs were attracted to and remained longer on blue and green colored cards than the other colors tested. We found that couples may remain in copula ≈185 min and mate ≈20 times in a 60 d period with a similar number of matings during the scotophase and the photophase. Sexual behavior consists of six patterns: grooming, abdomen movement, antenna movement, antennation, mounting, and mating. In a Y-tube olfactometer, 80 and 62.5% of the adults tested were attracted to a hexane-extract of the volatiles released by 40 males and 40 females, respectively. This is the first report of the biological evidence of an aggregation pheromone in this bug.
Highlights
In Heteroptera, communication involves acoustic, chemical and visual signals [1,2,3] to find mates, food, oviposition sites, shelter, etc
Color Preference not included in theAanalysis because thewere minimum
Our results show that ≈70% of adults and nymphs were attracted to the blue and green color
Summary
In Heteroptera, communication involves acoustic (vibration), chemical (pheromones and plant volatiles) and visual (light and color) signals [1,2,3] to find mates, food, oviposition sites, shelter, etc. Visual and olfactory stimuli attractive to insects can be combined to develop new management tools. Like sex or aggregation pheromones or plant volatiles, can be integrated into colored traps for a more specific, and attractive trap. Traps including color and olfactory stimuli have been developed for the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) Halyomorpha halys (Stål) [17,18,19], the Brown Winged Stink bug Plautia crossota stali Scott [20,21], and the Shield bug Glaucias subpunctatus (Wotlk) (Pentatomidae) [20]
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