Abstract
Dementia is a chronic and progressive disease that leads to cognitive impairment (memory, thinking, orientation, understanding, ability to learn, speak) and noncognitive disorders (behavioral disorders, agitation, aggression, depression and psychotic disorders). Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60% of cases. Dementia in AD includes heterogeneous etiologically groups of disorders associated with aging and genetic as well as environmental interactions, causing the destruction of the brain tissue, which leads to the development of cognitive and noncognitive functions. BPSD (Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia) are behavioral, psychotic and affective disorders that occur in dementia in 64–90% of patients. BPSD cause excess disability, increased hospitalization, premature institutionalization, suffering for patient and caregiver, substantial increase in financial costs. Treatment should include individually selected nonpharmacological and pharmacological intervention, taking into account also the needs of the caregivers.
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